A low-speed centrifuge is a common laboratory device used to separate components in mixtures based on density. Its design focuses on simplicity, safety, and practicality. Below is an overview of its main parts.

Ⅰ、Housing (Casing)​​

The outer frame, or housing, is typically made of durable metal for strength and stability. It houses all internal components and includes safety features like a locking door mechanism. This prevents accidental openings during operation, prioritizing user safety.

Ⅱ、Rotor​​

The rotor is the core component that holds sample containers (e.g., test tubes). Two common types optimize different workflows.

1.Angle Rotor

Angled (30°–45°) tubes maximize centrifugal force for small-volume samples, ideal for high-efficiency separations.

2.Swing-Bucket Rotor

Horizontal tubes ensure uniform sample distribution, suitable for larger volumes or delicate samples.

Rotors are crafted from corrosion-resistant alloys like aluminum or titanium, balancing durability and weight. Proper balance is critical to avoid vibration during operation.

Ⅲ、Drive System​​

This powers the rotor’s rotation.

1.Motor

Brushless DC motors are energy-efficient and low-maintenance, while AC motors offer affordability for basic models.

2. Transmission

Belt-driven systems are cost-effective but require periodic maintenance. Direct-drive systems eliminate belts for quieter, more reliable high-speed performance.

Ⅳ、Control Panel​​

Users adjust settings via.

1.Digital Display

Shows real-time parameters like centrifuge speed, time, and temperature.

2.Interface

Buttons and knobs simplify operation.

3.Microprocessor

Ensures precise control and stability throughout the process.

Ⅴ、Vibration Dampening System​​

To minimize noise and wear.

1.Shock Absorbers

Rubber or spring-based mounts reduce vibrations.

2.Balancing Weights

 Adjusted manually to counteract uneven loads.

Ⅵ、Summary​​

Low-speed centrifuges excel in routine lab tasks thanks to their straightforward design. Key advantages include adaptability for diverse samples, user-friendly controls, and enhanced safety features. By understanding these components, researchers can optimize performance for applications like blood separation or DNA extraction.